5dIdeal gas molecules

Syllabus objectives

• 5.15explain how molecules in a gas have random motion and that they exert a force, and hence a pressure, on the walls of a container
• 5.16understand why there is an absolute zero of temperature, which is –273 °C
• 5.17describe the Kelvin scale of temperature and be able to convert between the Kelvin and Celsius scales
• 5.18understand why an increase in temperature results in an increase in the average speed of gas molecules
• 5.19know that the Kelvin temperature of a gas is proportional to the average kinetic energy of its molecules
• 5.20explain, for a fixed amount of gas, the qualitative relationship between: • pressure and volume at constant temperature • pressure and Kelvin temperature at constant volume
• 5.21use the relationship between the pressure and Kelvin temperature of a fixed mass of gas at constant volume: T p T p =
• 5.22use the relationship between the pressure and volume of a fixed mass of gas at constant temperature: 2211 VpVp =